Preserve the integrity of mature forests in the operation of timber or biomass
There is widespread belief and the wrong that cutting deforestation trunks or mature forests and replacing them with young trees, which grow quickly, will have positive effects on climate through atmospheric CO2 retention. Although young trees grow and retain more carbon, and have seen what happens to this stored carbon when mature forests are cut. By cutting a forest, part of the carbon stored there may be years or decades in wood products results, but other amounts of CO2 are released into the atmosphere immediately, the soil disturbance and, over time, through the decomposition leaves and branches.
Voluntary measures will bring greater recognition of the role of sustainable use of soil in the field to adapt to the impacts of climate change. Creating confidence in this approach requires that rules be sufficiently rigorous to ensure that voluntary actions lead to clear, measurable emissions of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and other environmental benefits. Without a reduction in real large-scale emissions of greenhouse gases, such temporary measures not volunteering can lead to mitigation of climate change.
duminică, 31 mai 2009
Solutions
Exploitation of forests in a sustainable way
Expanding forest areas by promoting regeneration of trees, allowing their growth as higher use of methods that reduce crop losses and the establishment of conservation areas within the forests for the production can increase long-term average quantity of carbon stored. These management options can also have positive effects on biodiversity and other key ecosystems, such as maintenance of hydrological flows.
Allowing trees to grow more before being cut contribute to the structural diversity of forests and provide a habitat for a wider range of species. Healthy forests that retain the complexity and diversity of natural age structure and habitat, are usually more stability and strength to cope with disorders associated with climate change.
Trees grow quickly when young, but growth slows as they reach maturity. To increase storage capacity of carbon over time, cuts should be made after the annual growth rate falls below the average rate of growth. But as companies producing wood have strong economic interests to make cuts when prices are most favorable, many forests are cut long before the optimal age. Increasing the time interval between cuts or maintain older trees over a period of several successive cycles of cutting could lead to a significant increase in carbon stocks. Band damage trees and soil during the period of travel trunks cut may also lead to a reduction in CO2 emissions.
How do you think that the afforestation proces should be improved?
Expanding forest areas by promoting regeneration of trees, allowing their growth as higher use of methods that reduce crop losses and the establishment of conservation areas within the forests for the production can increase long-term average quantity of carbon stored. These management options can also have positive effects on biodiversity and other key ecosystems, such as maintenance of hydrological flows.
Allowing trees to grow more before being cut contribute to the structural diversity of forests and provide a habitat for a wider range of species. Healthy forests that retain the complexity and diversity of natural age structure and habitat, are usually more stability and strength to cope with disorders associated with climate change.
Trees grow quickly when young, but growth slows as they reach maturity. To increase storage capacity of carbon over time, cuts should be made after the annual growth rate falls below the average rate of growth. But as companies producing wood have strong economic interests to make cuts when prices are most favorable, many forests are cut long before the optimal age. Increasing the time interval between cuts or maintain older trees over a period of several successive cycles of cutting could lead to a significant increase in carbon stocks. Band damage trees and soil during the period of travel trunks cut may also lead to a reduction in CO2 emissions.
How do you think that the afforestation proces should be improved?miercuri, 27 mai 2009
Green Planet
Forests for Climate
In the race to fight global warming, time is essential. Tropical deforestation is responsible for about 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions - more than all the cars, trucks, planes, boats, and trains in the world combined.
Eight thousand years ago, large tracts of ancient forest covered almost half the land surface. Today, only one-fifth of the original forests remain as large areas of ancient forest. Today, only a fifth of the original forests remain as large areas of old forest. The rest have been destroyed, degraded or fragmented by relentless human activity.
In the past 50 years, 20 percent of the world, ancient forests were cleared. The primary causes of forest loss and degradation vary from region to region. Main causes of forest loss and degradation vary from region to region. They include agricultural expansion, mining, settlement, shifting agriculture, plantation establishment and infrastructural development.
GROUNDS FOR DEFORESTATION
The need for wood, deforestation to make way for agricultural land, roads and railways, fire, mines, fuel are all causes of deforestare
People have lived in equatorial forests around for thousands of years, taking what was needed from nature without intervene in natural balance. But in the last two centuries the population has multiplied as more and more need for built space and agriculture. Together with the trade of wood has increased in recent years have brought a precent without degradation of forest.
The most important causes of deforestarii are moving crops and trade with wood. In the past, indigenous farming practice dobarand forest trees to make way for crops and pastures for livestock and moving it when the soil became infertile. This process is not a danger to the forest if made with care and the forest is given enough time to regenerate and cleared spaces. Problems occur when the soil is not given enough time for regeneration and intensive agriculture result in degradation of the final. It is this situation because of population growth - some sources say that moving is because the cultures over 70% of forest deforestation.
As crops move cutting trees for wood to use for commercial purposes can be implemented with minor environmental disturbance. When the number of fallen trees is higher than those produced, cutting wood is becoming a serious problem. Before cutting intesa to take the old animals with axes and wood trade have insignificant influence on the forest, but the appearance chainsaw, tractors, road and railway had an impact much greater. Inaccessible areas before they become major targets for cutting, and the bad management led to unprecedented losses.
The need for wood, deforestation to make way for agricultural land, roads and railways, fire, mines, fuel are all causes of deforestare
People have lived in equatorial forests around for thousands of years, taking what was needed from nature without intervene in natural balance. But in the last two centuries the population has multiplied as more and more need for built space and agriculture. Together with the trade of wood has increased in recent years have brought a precent without degradation of forest.
The most important causes of deforestarii are moving crops and trade with wood. In the past, indigenous farming practice dobarand forest trees to make way for crops and pastures for livestock and moving it when the soil became infertile. This process is not a danger to the forest if made with care and the forest is given enough time to regenerate and cleared spaces. Problems occur when the soil is not given enough time for regeneration and intensive agriculture result in degradation of the final. It is this situation because of population growth - some sources say that moving is because the cultures over 70% of forest deforestation.
As crops move cutting trees for wood to use for commercial purposes can be implemented with minor environmental disturbance. When the number of fallen trees is higher than those produced, cutting wood is becoming a serious problem. Before cutting intesa to take the old animals with axes and wood trade have insignificant influence on the forest, but the appearance chainsaw, tractors, road and railway had an impact much greater. Inaccessible areas before they become major targets for cutting, and the bad management led to unprecedented losses.
EFFECTS OF DEFORESTATION
Equatorial forest zone is an area full of mystery and promise, for many people who live in the temperate zone. So it would be a disaster that go away. Once its destroyed forest soil, which accumulates over 1000 years, would disappear in a single decade leading to floods because of the fact that there will be now soil to collect water.
Ii forest deforestation let the people who live in the woods without shelter and without food, and leads to the disappearance of a lifestyle that has existed unchanged for thousands of years. But the most disastrous effect that might have impact on deforestation is the planet's climate. We all have heard of the dangers of global warming and the greenhouse effect, because these are the main acumulrea of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Trees and other green plants take CO2 and produce oxygen through photosynthesis, while animals consuming oxygen and expiring carbon dioxide. Equatorial forest destruction would cause a huge imbalance in the amount of carbon dioxide produced and recycled which would lead to its accumulation in the atmosphere and climate of major change. In addition many trees cut to make way for agriculture have been burnt or left to rot thus releasing more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. All nature is a vast system that now exists in a state more or less balanced. Playing with factors of major importance is how equatorial forest could lead to the disappearance of the world as we know.
Another consequence of deforestation is about the possibility that science could be lost once the forest. It is estimated that only a small part of plants and animals that live in the equatorial forest have been identified and most researchers are agreed that they could be the key discoveries of cures for some of the most lethal known human disease. For example, American Institute of Cancer has categorized more than 3000 plants with anti-cancer properties, 70% of that found in tropical forests. Who knows what secrets hide equatorial forest.
What effect will have the deforestation in the future?
SOLUTIONS AGAINST DEFORESTATION
Obvious solution would be stopping the deforestation of forests and thus stopping the deterioration. But it is the only answer? World timber trade with a business has reached 5 billion U.S. dollars so stopping it would be met with much hostility. But maybe I need a complete cutting off. Scheme for the clearing of forests with a plan is developed around the world with emphasis on storage. This allows deforestation but following a plan so that negative effects on the environment are minimized.
Among organizations that are involved in minimizing the effects of forest exploitation and are Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). This is a non-profit organization that was founded in 1993 to provide a certification of wood from forests operated well. With a brand known Intenational, released in 1996, FSC allows cumparatoriior identify consciousness with wood from good sources. On a global scale over 8 million hectares have been important as accepting FSC standards.
Equatorial forest regions that have been classified as too sensitive even for clearing rationale were marked as protected areas and, together with good laws in place they can be an effective defense against problems that affect tropical forest.
But probably as the most important step is to educate and inform those people whose decisions directly or indirectly influence the fate of forests. Indigenous can be helped by conservation organizations to make best use of their natural resources. At the other end of the yarn, consumers in developed countries must understand the negative impact that we are buying products from equatorial forests. Therefore conservation organizations try to educate on alternatives to buy these products and encourages to make informed decisions about their life style. Only in this way we can stop and eventually turn equatorial forest degradation.
Equatorial forest zone is an area full of mystery and promise, for many people who live in the temperate zone. So it would be a disaster that go away. Once its destroyed forest soil, which accumulates over 1000 years, would disappear in a single decade leading to floods because of the fact that there will be now soil to collect water.
Ii forest deforestation let the people who live in the woods without shelter and without food, and leads to the disappearance of a lifestyle that has existed unchanged for thousands of years. But the most disastrous effect that might have impact on deforestation is the planet's climate. We all have heard of the dangers of global warming and the greenhouse effect, because these are the main acumulrea of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Trees and other green plants take CO2 and produce oxygen through photosynthesis, while animals consuming oxygen and expiring carbon dioxide. Equatorial forest destruction would cause a huge imbalance in the amount of carbon dioxide produced and recycled which would lead to its accumulation in the atmosphere and climate of major change. In addition many trees cut to make way for agriculture have been burnt or left to rot thus releasing more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. All nature is a vast system that now exists in a state more or less balanced. Playing with factors of major importance is how equatorial forest could lead to the disappearance of the world as we know.
Another consequence of deforestation is about the possibility that science could be lost once the forest. It is estimated that only a small part of plants and animals that live in the equatorial forest have been identified and most researchers are agreed that they could be the key discoveries of cures for some of the most lethal known human disease. For example, American Institute of Cancer has categorized more than 3000 plants with anti-cancer properties, 70% of that found in tropical forests. Who knows what secrets hide equatorial forest.
What effect will have the deforestation in the future?
SOLUTIONS AGAINST DEFORESTATION
Obvious solution would be stopping the deforestation of forests and thus stopping the deterioration. But it is the only answer? World timber trade with a business has reached 5 billion U.S. dollars so stopping it would be met with much hostility. But maybe I need a complete cutting off. Scheme for the clearing of forests with a plan is developed around the world with emphasis on storage. This allows deforestation but following a plan so that negative effects on the environment are minimized.
Among organizations that are involved in minimizing the effects of forest exploitation and are Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). This is a non-profit organization that was founded in 1993 to provide a certification of wood from forests operated well. With a brand known Intenational, released in 1996, FSC allows cumparatoriior identify consciousness with wood from good sources. On a global scale over 8 million hectares have been important as accepting FSC standards.
Equatorial forest regions that have been classified as too sensitive even for clearing rationale were marked as protected areas and, together with good laws in place they can be an effective defense against problems that affect tropical forest.
But probably as the most important step is to educate and inform those people whose decisions directly or indirectly influence the fate of forests. Indigenous can be helped by conservation organizations to make best use of their natural resources. At the other end of the yarn, consumers in developed countries must understand the negative impact that we are buying products from equatorial forests. Therefore conservation organizations try to educate on alternatives to buy these products and encourages to make informed decisions about their life style. Only in this way we can stop and eventually turn equatorial forest degradation.
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